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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You probably already know that different varieties can produce different flavors. Learn about four of the most widely used varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica, are grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier, more tart flavor and are often used in blends of coffee to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans price beans comprise 75% of all global production. Arabica beans have a sweeter and less sour taste than Robusta, and come with a variety of flavor profiles. The taste and aroma components of a coffee may vary in a wide range depending on the cultivation conditions and processing methods used to produce it.

The word "Speciality coffee Beans" is derived from the Arabic word meaning berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that develop in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds noticed that their goats became energized after eating these fruits, and the cultivation of coffee bean shop quickly began to spread throughout the world.

Coffee beans can thrive at high altitudes, and thrive in cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is one of the main reasons for why Arabica is regarded as the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on ethically sourced arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies typically blend arabica beans to make unique specialty coffees that can be used in a wide range of brewing methods. Blending gives you control over the flavour, aroma as well as body and acidity of the coffee. It is usually preferred to create a balanced and consistent taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most popular type of coffee bean in the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids that are antioxidants that occur naturally. However, these acids can cause oxidation in the process of brewing coffee and could result in unpleasant flavors.

The plant is more durable than the arabica and can be grown in less favorable climates. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, making it a cost-effective crop to grow.

While it might seem contradictory Robusta beans are typically combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you see names like Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag, it's possible that there's also some robusta.

Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, the majority of roasters use a mix of the two varieties in order to cut costs and preserve quality. To maintain the quality of the flavor, it is essential to select a top-quality bean from a supplier you trust. This can be achieved by purchasing your beans direct from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is similar to a football, which makes them different from other coffee beans. They have an aroma that is fruity, floral and smoky. They are often blended with other coffee beans to give a fuller, more robust flavor.

Liberica coffee beans can be found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo), and Southeast Asia. They can thrive in low altitudes and can withstand humid, hot climates. They also have a better resistance to disease than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for home-growing. On the internet, you can purchase the seeds from many sources. However, it is best to buy the beans from local producers to ensure high-quality. The best growing conditions for Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils, with moderately acidic pH as well as adequate annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa which was previously considered a separate species but was re-classified as a variation of Liberica. These coffee beans are ovals that grow on large 20 to 30 feet coffee plants at moderate altitudes. Their unique taste is both sweet and tart, making them a popular option for house blends. They are also lighter in the aroma and caffeine compared to Arabica and Robusta yet still have an unusual depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as common as Arabica and Robusta yet they're the fourth most popular. In fact they were considered to be distinct species of coffee until 2006 when they were changed to a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% of the global production of coffee. These beans have a distinctive teardrop shape, and a dark, mysterious taste. They are frequently used to give blends additional body and a rich, tart taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most popular and are known for having more sweetness. They thrive best at high quality coffee beans altitudes and are able to thrive in warm, tropical climates. They also have a touch of acidity. If brewed and roasted correctly they may impart notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most sought-after coffee in the world and accounts for about 40% of the coffee consumed worldwide. Robusta beans are rounder and smaller, but contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two varieties and have an earthy, woody flavor.

After you've learned about the four most commonly used types, it's now time to pick your favorite drink. If you're looking for a smooth mild flavor, go for an arabica or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.